ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN CHILDREN: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
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Abstract
Introduction: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer, and early diagnosis combined with prompt initiation of therapy are crucial for improving survival rates. In this context, the clinical pharmacist can enhance safety and treatment adherence. Objective: To synthesize the biological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of pediatric ALL, highlighting the pharmacist’s contribution. Methods: An integrative review was conducted between 2018 and 2025 using the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, BVS, and Google Scholar databases. Full-text articles addressing pediatric ALL, treatment, pharmacogenomics, and pharmaceutical care were included, while duplicates, incomplete texts, meta-analyses, and adult-only studies were excluded. Results: Eight articles were included. The findings revealed that educational materials and transition routines improve understanding and adherence to treatment regimens, while bedside follow-up reduces medication errors. Moreover, standardized tools support documentation and monitoring, personalization through TPMT/NUDT15 testing mitigates thiopurine-related toxicities, and formulation choices for L-asparaginase and innovative therapies require structured protocols and monitoring. Conclusion: Structured Pharmaceutical Care, combined with personalization and active surveillance, enhances safety and adherence in pediatric ALL. Therefore, it is recommended to institutionalize educational materials and routines, apply checklists, and expand indicators and prospective studies.
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